G3 Race Tuning
by Greg Williams

The following was posted in Planet of Speed forum of Slot Car Racing/Speed Tips and has been reposted with the permission of the author. Thanks to Greg Williams for sharing and be sure and visit Planet of Speed forums for other racing tips.

 

This is an article I have been working on. It is extremely lengthy. Remember it is my approach and not meant as an do all, end all. Especially since I get my doors blown off on that Freaky Bonzai at Renton! Man, I have to figure that sucker out! 8)


I am not the most successful Super Stock racer but I’m decent at writing and observing those who are successful. I like finding out what works and passing it on. So I hope this humble article may help you with your G3 and G3-R Super Stock racing.

First here is a list of the parts I use in my G3-R which has at times led the Arizona Racing Association’s championship against some very, very tough competition. My setup, procedures, processes and logistics also allow me to do much better than I expected at various out of state national caliber events. It is my personal opinion that the G3-R is the highest quality, best handling and easiest to build HO slot car I have ever raced. You can go from G-Jet to Neo and use a lot of common parts. For reference I use a DiFalco 15 band controller and will give my settings later in the article. I reference everything viewing from the rear of the chassis topside up. Here are the parts:

Part# Description
962 G3-R Flexi chassis w/new timing plate
HT161 Aluminum body posts
HT164 Aluminum body pins
HT141 Guide pin
149 Gold power, dynamic balanced armature
828 Zapped and matched motor magnets
HT092 Gold plated tweaked endbell
HT082 Gary Beedle “blue” plastic endbell bushing
HT158 Gold plated pickup shoe holders
249 Pickup shoes
222G Medium tension .009” gold plated pickup springs
982 Full width ceramic traction magnets
HT201 Delrin front end
HT220 Splined rear axle
422 22t delrin rear gear
417 7t delrin pinion
HT083 Gary Beedle “blue” rear bushing
HT330N-.xxx” AST rear tires

Before assembling the chassis drill out the rear for axle retainers using Scale Auto’s #HT378 fixture. I use .021” straight pins. I use to drill all the way to the magnet but now I stop and do not drill into the traction magnet area. So the pin is only on the rear part of the chassis. Thanks BSRT1! Put the guide pin in at the most rearward position and the front axle in the most rearward holes (swb) insuring that the axle rotates easily. If tight start with a .050” reamer and go bigger if needed. Super polish the front axle using Semichrome by spinning it in a Dremel. Clean the Semichrome off afterwards. I use the front tires provided ~.350” as they are a very good starting point and are somewhat soft. I and others have found that the soft front tire grips a little better allowing the chassis to rotate at the apex of a corner versus the harder front tire which I use for the higher downforce classes. Using a 2-56 tap thread the body post holes about halfway. I found that using the body posts to finish the tapping provides a tighter and more secure fit. The new body post installation tool, #926 is a great tool to have for this. You can use Loctite or Blackmax to ease your mind of potential problems

Clip the pickup shoe holders on. I don’t do any tricks with them. I found the standard holder is just fine as it with maybe a slight tweak down of the part that goes over the spring to insure it is flat once installed. Some work on the hanger tightening it up but I have found stock profile is fine for me. Once installed put a flat tipped screwdriver with the blade the width of the holder and push down from the bottom to open the shoe retainer window a little bit to prevent hanging the shoe up. Do both sides. Insure that hinge area is as far forward in the chassis fully touching the built in stops.

I am not the best at tweaking an endbell so I purchase the HT093. I take an old armature, one that is epoxied, tied and lightly crosshatch the comm with an X-Acto blade. Use a battery powered Dremel, chuck the arm up into the endbell. Spin just for a few seconds. Remove battery and place into Dremel so you can run in reverse. This may require breaking the tab in the Dremel that only allows the battery to be put in one position. Spin a few seconds. This break-ins the brushes and takes the sharp edges off. The brushes should be adjusted so that when you move one off the other the freed brush should go to the outer edge of the bushing at a 10 degree angle off center. Take a small screwdriver and push the electrical parts together on the sides of the endbell. The gold plated endbell kinda “fuses” the parts together. Bend the front contact tab to the holders so that the contact area is increased on the holder. I use a small wire, push it into the bent portion of the tab and then flatten the contact tab. This gives it a nice U shape. Super polish the armature shafts with Semichrome with the Dremel like the front axle. Clean the Semichrome off. For stock Tomy bushings ream to at least .060”, chamfer the side away from the armature, and if worried about bushing rotation lightly score the outside flange part. If into max setup polish the side facing the armature to a mirror finish. I usually put one large red plastic spacer (.010”) and a .005” steel spacer in front of the comm. Assemble the motor using the endbell, bracket, armature, rear bushing, pinion and motor magnets. Slightly oil the comm end of the armature shaft. Using BSRT’s endbell tool HT394 put the arm into the endbell. I have found the 828 motor magnets are usually matched well and high in strength as opposed to stock out of the package ones. Space the rear of the armature for minimum spacing but insure there is slop. BSRT’s HT393 armature spacer tool is excellent for judging this out of the chassis. Put motor assembly into chassis slightly pushing the holders forward while snapping the timing bracket into the chassis. Insure the rear bushing is aligned with the chassis while snapping downward. Check the armature clearance at this time before installing the traction magnet clip to insure the armature is not too tight and or too free. Oil the rear bushing at this point.

Install gauss and matched traction magnets in the downforce mode. This is the bottom of the right side traction magnet is attracted to the back of the right side motor magnet and same for left side. I marked the magnets so I put them in the same way every time. Gently bend the tab of the traction magnet clip in where it clips onto the bottom of the magnet. Clip on.

Turn the chassis upside down. Install pickup springs and shoes. Some file the bottom notch on the shoes to allow more travel and ever so slightly bend the rear retention tab to insure the shoe travels evenly from the front to the rear on the rails. Check and make sure the shoes travel smoothly up and down. Check that spacing of the hook you opened so that the pickup shoe does not hang up. Put the 7 tooth pinion on the armature shaft. Assemble the rear axle using BSRT’s HT385 crown gear press. This makes putting gears on the splined axle much easier. Put the proper amount of spacers behind the gear to achieve good spacing that isn’t too tight. A .015” is a good starting point. Put your best guess at rear tires on (~.440”) and remember you have brand new traction magnets with no groves. So this is a very preliminary starting point.

It is my opinion that if you have a substandard armature you will run into major handling difficulties let alone lack of straight speed. My experience is that a very good armature will “push through” a chassis, its internal friction and free it up. The #149 Gold Power and #148 Hot Stock are excellent starting points. If you have a superb armature and the chassis feels bound up you may have assembly problems, parts too tight, gearing is unsuited for that chassis, running way too low, endbell tension too high, you driving style is not suited to a freed up chassis, etc. To determine a superb armature on the bench take a 9 volt battery with clips, insuring it is quiet and go through your armatures. Do this without the rear axle. What I am looking for is high rpm with no vibrations. You can hear the rpm and I place my fingers on the side of the chassis to feel the vibration. A smooth armature does a lot of positive things but it also plays a large part in the handling. It is my experience that a smooth armature makes corner entry and exit much easier. Be patient going through the arms and make notes on what they are doing. You will be pleasantly surprised at the difference between the arms. On a side bar, those who race against me know very well I am one of the few pros taking extensive notes. Knowing which arms are good and especially chassis setup notes makes life easier at the races.

A Hudy comm truer with the diamond bit converted for HO arms is a nice thing to have to insure your comm is clean and true. Some of us swear by them. I know several pro Super Stock racers who even retrue their comms between heats! That may be a little excessive but at a Nats level race you want every edge you can get.

I don’t have a huge selection of motor magnets. So I focus more on matching them. There is an ongoing discussion about maximum strength versus rpm acceleration ramp time. My advice is to gauss your magnets and match them as carefully as possible. Then try them on your current setup and observe the results. I currently do not have a setup to get the maximum downforce from motor magnets other than gaussing the edges and putting the strongest side down towards the rails. There is some thought that the outside “notch” area dimensions differs and that it should be measured to maximize that area for downforce. The smaller the notch the more downforce. A procedure for this is to place the motor magnet on a steel flat sheet and use feeler gauges to check the dimension. I have used a set of dial calipers in the depth mode to determine the dimensions. It appears if you have similar sets of magnets and one set has a shallower cut you should use it to increase magnetic downforce.

Once you have selected your race motor put it on a power supply and break it in noting the startup and idle current draw. The lower the current draw the better. Break the motor in for at least 15 minutes. Afterwards I break in the gear mesh observing the current draw. I compare current draw with and without the rear axle. A properly setup rear axle will cause no additional current draw. You can use a variety of compounds to help the mesh. Semichrome polish, toothpaste, gear lube, etc. Some don’t use anything. Others prep the gears by taking a Dremel with the plastic wheel and gently polishing the teeth face to knock off edges. I placed small drops of Semichrome on the teeth of the spur gear and power up the motor very slowly so as not to fling the paste. I take my finger and gently push on the outside of the gear forcing the Semichrome into the teeth. After a period of time carefully clean off all traces of the Semichrome. Turn down the power to see the arm turn over slowly. Turn power up and the motor should respond instantly and smoothly. You want everything to look and feel smooth. The arm should begin to rotate without any hesitation or jerking. Transitions between power settings should also be smooth. Take the other good motors and have them available as backups or for practice.

I am a firm believer in that body style can affect handling. Although I have been frequently beaten by others using bodies that do not work for me! Yeah you David Banta! In fact I just finished behind a Rothwell Porsche 962 in a recent race that had a large portion hanging behind the chassis. Currently the BSRT Nissan NPT90 is my favorite but if I run into handling issues I sometime try to run bodies that are as short as possible like the Thunderbolt Ford C100 to avoid oversteer. I mount my bodies insuring that nothing is touching the chassis or track other than the mounting points. Especially the pickup shoes! A body hitting the chassis and pickup shoes usually handles erratically. It is interesting that if you have a chassis that is understeering you can help rotation in the corner with a longer body. I am a big fan of test sessions and you can learn a lot without having to deal with the hectic pace of a race. Whip up a couple of your favorite bodies and try them out in a back to back comparison. Hopefully you have a good lap timing system that can help you in tuning your car into one that will be more successful. Be aware that testing and racing are 2 different things. The test session only gives you a baseline setup to begin the fine tuning at the race practice sessions. Although I know a lot of pros who test without a body. Usually once I put the body on I experience at least a .1 second increase in lap time, usually .2 to .3 seconds slower. Can be very frustrating to do a ton of tuning without the body and find out in practice right before qualifying you cannot get close to your previous lap times. Some clubs will not allow you to put a car on the track without a body.

The items you can change include the following. Pickup shoe springs. Pretty much I stay in the .008” light (#221) and .009” medium (#222) area. If you have a superb armature you can “detune” with softer springs to get the handling you want. Try to get the gold plated ones also. In essence gold plating provides a slightly stiffer spring. So the sequence can go .008”, .008”G, .009” .009”G. Try different Scale Auto pickup shoes. They have different characteristics and may help your driving style. Insure the pickup is level by eyeballing on a test track and carefully check the wear pattern. You should have a good wear pattern from the front all the way to the rear. Tweak with pliers to get it level. If it will not wear properly try another shoe. Riding on the rear portion not only causes a lot of performance problems but leads to excessive wear.

I always run a 7 tooth pinion. I have tried 8 tooth but they free wheel too much for my taste. Rear gearing can run from 20 to 24. Be careful running the bigger gears as they may contact the track and rails with smaller tires. From my personal experience the 20 gives you more roll, less brakes, smoother accel and higher top end. But you can run into problems with these characteristic behaving in an excessive manner. The 21 is usually what I run as it provides a little of everything although it can with a good motor give you too much “overrun” at the end of a straight. The 22 seems to be like downshifting in the corner and puts the motor into a kind of slow mode. It works if the chassis feels edgy to calm it down some. The 23 seems to do this more but with some punch exiting. It is interesting that a 21 can do the same thing. You can roll more into the corner maybe have a faster apex speed so when you pick-up the throttle the limited ceramic downforce cannot handle it. So think about how you are tuning your car and the consequences. Still, try different gears to get your optimum setup.

If after all this the motor feels slightly slow you may want to retweak the endbell. I have observed some excellent tuners and looked at their endbells coming off some very fast cars. It appears in many cases that light tension is a good way to go. Some of the fastest Super Stocks have brushes that are not even touching. So check your brush alignment for timing as mentioned above. Typically the top brush is about 50% “ahead” of the bottom brush. Look at the sides carefully to see both are flat to each other and hopefully the comm. Take a Scale Auto endbell tool #HT394 that has had one pin removed and feel the tension of one brush arm alone. This is now a “feel” thing. If you do this carefully you can feel the tension and adjust accordingly. My personal preference is no tension at all. I don’t want to feel any pressure resisting my moving the brush arm. I want it to move freely and easily up and down.

I have a suspicion that too light tension does not allow proper current flow but with Super Stocks the magnetic downforce is less thus the current flow may not be as critical as say a Drop in Neo. Although you still want effective current flow with all your cars. But excessive brush tension can drag the motor down at the lower rpm such as at the apex of a corner. When you pick up the throttle to accelerate out the brushes drag, drag and then snap free the armature. This happens in a very short period of time but can result in deslots. You can tune around this with gearing, pickups, pickup springs but you may also encounter a heat issue. In discussions with many winning pros the characteristics of the G3 is it is a car that rewards smoothness. Easy in, easy out, not as much brake, lots of roll, very, very smooth. Eliminating friction which includes brush tension aids those characteristics.

Front tires. I’m usually in the .338” to .357” front tire area. This is somewhat different from what I hear around the country. It’s my preference and every time I try to go lower I run into too many issues and the car just feels uncomfortable. Bear in mind that as you lower the front you preload the pickup springs and if you are running very small front tires may want to go softer. If you’re an older racer who stock piles parts from the cars you ever have own you might want to drag out some old AFX or Tomy pickup springs and try them out. Currently I think I have over 20 different options for pickup springs so keep that in mind when lowering or raising the front tires. I am not a big fan of crushing or spreading the springs. But in some cases it needs to be done. Rear tire size. You want to mark the front bracket and traction magnets with a silver Sharpie pen. This will tell you your ride height in relation to the rails. I have seen mechanics spray the bottom of 1:1 race cars to note if the car is bottoming on the track. This is the same thing. Note the marks and correlate to how the car feels to you. Be aware that track conditions play a big part. There is a reason the F1 teams let the slower cars clean the track before cutting a fast lap. Once the lane, the car, you feel ready and warmed up start serious tuning. Noting the marks try a different set of rear tires and note lap times, number of deslots, how comfortable the car feels to you. Correlate the marks with how the car feels to you. Put your observations into your notes making only one adjustment at a time and carefully observe which way you are progressing. A race car is like a Rubik’s Cube and you can make things worse real quick. If an adjustment doesn’t work return to your previous setting. If you get really lost get back to your baseline and start over maybe going in a different direction. Some chassis will not get similar markings on both sides so you may have to resort to staggering the rear tires. I have at time run rear tires that are .006” different in diameter. I don’t like doing it but if the car feels better it’s okay with me.

I feel racing is one of the most honest endeavors I do. The results pretty much state the truth of that moment. That guy on this day is faster than me. So be honest with yourself during practice. If you cannot focus on every part of the track you probably are not up to speed. For me it takes quite a while to get up to speed and I will make some adjustments to the car if they are way off. But once the car starts to feel comfortable I focus on learning the track as best as I can before micro tuning. You will find that the early learning, major setup changes yield several tenths even a half a second. But once you learn the track you will be striving to get a tenth or two improvement. An example is my Super Stock at the Big Buck Shootout. Even though I did a ton a laps I still hadn’t gotten Walt’s excellent Scorpion down. I was struggling down in the 2.8 bracket and many were in the low 2.7s. I began focusing on each corner and found to my delight that I could punch the controller on the sweeper onto the main straight before the entry into it! This moved me immediately into the mid 2.7s. I then focus on my exit onto the back straight and I went into the low 2.7s. I was relying on pure rhythm for some points of the track further away from me so I focused on the end of the main straight and the entry into the s turns afterwards. I did a mid 2.6 which caught the attention of some other pros. All of this happened in a short period of time of just focusing on my driving and areas to improve on. I have a personal technique I do when in this mode of figuring out the track, car, controller, in that I visualize the car “flat”. That is it is flat, level, upon exit of the turn. Squared up for the next straight. This helps me in that the car doesn’t feel as edgy yet I get good times. Once back in the pits I consulted my notes to insure I knew the track as best I can and to also begin focusing on setting up the car to be comfortable to drive in the 2.7 bracket.

I really enjoy the Scorpion which some myself included consider the “Blue King” standard of the HO racing community. It provides an excellent track to do testing on and you can compare times with others around the country that have one also. I usually prefer to test on the outside red lane. It has the longest straight to see fully how the motors perform. One thing I have experienced is that if I can get my car to handle the hairpin turn before the main straight sweeper my car will pretty much handle all the other lanes. You also get an excellent viewpoint of your car coming into the hairpin on the middle section. I don’t know for sure but I think it is also the longest lane on the track so your times there will at least be better on the other lanes. I’ll jump to yellow lane and once again concentrate on the hairpin onto the main straight. I set my Difalco DD530 15 band pretty much the same for all my cars. I have the choke either all the way on (slow) 7 o’clock looking at the knob or maybe a quarter turn, 9 o’clock. I use brakes, just can’t seem to get the coast thing down other than with PloyMods and it is set at the 3 o’clock position. Sensitivity is also at the 3 o’clock position. If the motor drags a little I may crank the choke in a clockwise manner to increase power but usually for me it is a fine tuning. Turning up the sensitivity has a sharper affect but can really upset the chassis if turned up too much. Brake is adjusted to get the right amount of roll to compensate for maybe underbraking at times in the heat of battle. I use the middle hairpin for setting the brakes properly. As always these are my personal settings. If you watch pros racing HO cars you may see different speeds on the wiper as it goes across the bands. Watch their hands and out of the corner of your eye their car. Very interesting to see how they enter, exit corners and react to the short straights. But best to adjust the controller for you individual driving style. A good test if your technique is dialed in is to practice, by yourself a heat of 2 to 3 minutes. See if you can do it without coming out. If you can, doing this is more difficult than you think, note the number of laps, fast lap and average lap time. If you can get your average lap time to within .3 seconds of your fastest lap and have your total laps with a couple of laps of the track record you’re looking very, very good. Be patient as you will find that it is difficult at first to go past 20 laps without deslotting.

Usually the race winning pace is .4 to .5 seconds slower than the top qualifying time. The Big Buck Shootout Pro Main had a fast lap of 2.582 with a race lap total of 230 laps. That is a 3.130 average or .548 off fastest lap. A similar car that had a fast lap of 2.638 also did 230 laps so many aspects come into play such as traffic, amount of crashing, etc but a comfortable car can handle these well. So if you are within .2 seconds of TQ and have a comfortable and well handling car you have a good shot at the win. Comfortable is the key word. I have sacrificed a tenth to get a more comfortable car. If you just have to be on the edge go ahead and use the fast setup for qualifying and the comfortable one for the race. But this is my approach. The pace of the pros has gotten quicker with little room for mistakes. It is almost like MotoGP where if you lose 20 feet to Rossi in a corner you will not get it back.

Currently the top 3 in points here in Arizona are using the G3. 2 are the G3-R flexy and 1 is a G3 with a G3-R flexy bulkhead. You can use a medium chassis if you have a track with outstanding grip or can drive a “freer” car. The medium chassis really wakes up the motor at the cost of grip. This is very apparent with slip on tires but with sized coated foam not as huge a difference. I had trouble deciding at the Western States which chassis I should use and ended up with a medium. I logged identical times with both chassis but there were some handling differences. I was comfortable enough with the medium to go ahead and put a little more focus on speed. I would suggest you build 2 cars to compare the chassis as if one motor is doggy you can change and make a good evaluation. I have run a flexy with a med bulkhead and vice a versa. Once again I will select the car that is most comfortable.

I hope you enjoyed this.

Have Fun and Good Luck.

Greg Williams

 

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